18-kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) is one of the subunits of Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBR), 30-kDa TSPO and 32-kDa TSPO are the other two subunits (1). 18-kDa TSPO, located at human chromosome 22q13.3 (2), binds isoquinone carboamide derivatives and is involved in a variety of host defense responses, developmental processes and mitochondrial functions. Specifically, it plays a major role in steroidogenesis, controlling cholesterol mitochondrial transport, apoptosis and host-defense response to disease and injury (3). Its ligands (such as porphyrins and diazepine-binding inhibitor) have been shown to control cell differentiation and proliferation (4). Furthermore, their binding capacity was enhanced in some malignant tumors and therefore, PBR is a potential drug target for cancer therapy (5).
PBR functions also include regulation of voltage-dependent calcium channels, responses to stress and microglia activation (6). PBR is densely populated in acute stress and sparsely populated in chronic stress (4). In blood cells, PBR is implicated in phagocytosis, secretion of interleukin-2, interleukin-3, and immunoglobulin A (IgA). In blood vessel walls, PBR takes part in respsonses to trauma such as ischemia (6). PBR can be found in platelets, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, mononuclear cells, endothelium, striated cardiac muscle, vascular smooth muscles and mast cells. 18-kDa TSPO is approximately an 18-kDa protein (160 amino acids).
The TSPO-selective antibodies were generated against synthetic peptide taken from near N-terminal end of human 18kDa translocator protein (TSPO). TSPO-antibodies are affinity purified over immobilized antigen based chromatography, and the purified immunoglobulins are stabilized in antibody stabilization buffer. FabGennix Int. Inc., will also provide limited quantities of antigenic blocking protein for Tms18-101AP antibody. Antibodies to 18-kDa TSPO (TSPO-101AP) will label ~18kDa protein in Western blot positive control samples for Netrn1 and several other tissues. FabGennix Inc. will also conjugate antibodies with secondary enzymes (alk-Pase or HRP) or fluorescent probes upon request at nominal cost.
For research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.
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