Protein Phosphatase
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P
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P1 and PP2A are members of the protein serine/threonine phosphatases (PPs) family and their activities have been implicated in many cellular signal transduction processes including the steroid synthesis regulation via hormonally regulated cAMP, regulation of insulin dependent glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, apoptotic activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) via de-phosphorylation of pro-apoptotic BH3-onlyBcl-2 family members etc. (1, 2). The protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) holoenzyme is composed of one catalytic C subunit, one regulatory/scaffolding A subunit, and one regulatory B subunit. The native core enzyme consists of A and C subunits. The A and C subunits are found in two closely related isoforms, alpha and beta. The regulatory B subunits belongs to four distinct/weakly related families designated as B, B’, B", and B"’. The B family has multiple variants. The existence of two A and two C subunit isoforms allows the PP2A complex to be expressed in four core enzymes (Aa/Ca; Aa/Cb; Ab/Ca; Ab/Cb). Enzymatically, various haloenzymes are identical but their expression and subcellular localization during early embryonic development have been distinct suggesting they might have different functions (3).
Understanding the mechanisms that regulate cell migration is important for developing novel therapeutic drugs for the treatment of metastasis and for enhanced wound healing. Inhibitors of PP2A slowed down the de-phosphorylation of extracellular-signal related kinase (ERK) in keratinocytes in response to beta adrenergic receptor activation, which alters the migration rate of these cells. The PP2A is also an excellent therapeutic target for development of novel anticancer agents (Cantharimides) such as, norcantharidin, which exhibited a broad spectrum of anti-cancer activity (4) and for enhanced wound healing by altering cellular migration.
The PP2Ac-selective antibodies were generated against purified human kidney protein p hosphatase 2A catalytic subunit. The antibodies to PP2Ac are affinity purified over immobilized antigen based chromatography. The purified antibodies are stabilized in antibody stabilization buffer containing preservatives. FabGennix Int. Inc., will also provide partially purified human PP2Ac in-ready-to-use buffer for easy identification of P65PAK protein on Westerns. Other related antibodies that are carried by FabGennix Int. Inc. include auto activated proteins kinase, various tyrosne kinases and phospho-specific MER tyrosine kinases. FabGennix International Inc. also carries a number of antibodies to various protein phosphatases and their inhibitors. FabGennix Inc. will also conjugate antibodies with fluorescent probes upon request at a reasonable cost.
For research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.
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