Toll-Receptor 2

Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is a member of TLR family; it is located on human chromosome 4q32. TLR family recognizes pathogens and also plays an important role in the activation of innate immunity (1). TLR2, in association with TLR1 or TLR6, mediates innate immune responses to gram positive bacteria and yeast and a variety of conserved microbial products. TLR2 also requires MyD88 as an essential signal transducer (2). In the TLR family, TLR2 has the greatest variety of ligands; therefore, it stimulates activation of antigen presenting cells, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increase in the expression of co-stimulatory ligand expression (3). The expression of TLR2 is very little to none on human endothelial cells, however, their expression increases significantly under inflammatory stimuli (4). This enables these cells to respond strongly to pathogens. TLR2 that is present on adult renal progenitor/stem cells in the kidney is also implicated in activating crucial signaling networks necessary for renal repair (5).

Toll-like receptors are also expressed on many cancer cells. It has been reported that activation of TLR2 induces cancer cell migration. TLR2 activation on cancer cells also showed significant activation of MyD88, an adaptor protein, and downstream signal transduction factors nuclear factor-kappa B and inflammatory response-related factors (6). An increase in the expression of TLR2 is also associated with neutrophil dysfunction, endotoxemia and energy depletion (7). TLR2 is highly expressed in blood leukocytes. It is approximately a 94kDa protein (784 amino acids).

The TLR2-selective antibodies were generated against purified Toll-like Receptor 2 protein. TLR2-antibodies are affinity purified over immobilized antigen based chromatography, and the purified immunoglobulins are stabilized in antibody stabilization buffer. FabGennix Int. Inc., will also provide limited quantities of antigenic blocking protein for TLR-201AP antibody. Antibodies to TLR2 (TLR-201AP) will label ~94kDa protein in Western blot positive control samples for TLR2 and several other tissues.  FabGennix Inc. will also conjugate antibodies with secondary enzymes (alk-Pase or HRP) or fluorescent probes upon request at nominal cost.

For research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.