Tudor-domain containing 7

Alternate Nomenclature: NP_055105;  Tudor domain containing protein 7, TDRD7

Tudor domains are found in many eukaryotic organisms and have been implicated in protein-protein interactions in which methylated protein substrates bind to these domains. For example, the Tudor domain of Survival of Motor Neuron (SMN) binds to symmetrically dimethylated arginines of arginine-glycine (RG) rich sequences found in the C-terminal tails of Sm proteins. The SMN protein is linked to spinal muscular atrophy. Another example is the tandem tudor domains of 53BP1, which bind to histone H4 specifically dimethylated at Lys20 (H4-K20me2). 53BP1 is a key transducer of the DNA damage checkpoint signal.  There are 7 tudor domain containing proteins (TDRD1-TDRD9) each forming hetero-complexes for epigenetic regulations in gene expression. 

TDRD proteins, specially TDRD1, 6, 7 and 9 consist a conserved components of chromatoid bodies in mice (1). TRD1 and TRD9 bind to arginine dimethylated MILI, and MIWI2 proteins, both are mouse piwi proteins.  These two TDRD proteins regulate the piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathways to establish retrotransposon silencing in fetal prospermatogonia (2).  The TDRD1 and MILI are localized in intermitochondrial cement (pi bodies), while TDRD9 and MIWI2 are concentrated in prospermatogonia (3).     

The Tdrd gene family constitutes an essential class of spermatogenesis genes with each member having a distinct function at different differentiation stages.  Tudor domain containing 7 (Tdrd7) is essential for dynamic ribonucleoprotein (RNP) remodeling of chromatoid bodies during spermatogenesis in concert with TDRD6. The deficiency of TDRD7 causes male sterility and age-related cataract as well as glaucoma (4). The TDRD7 is expressed in lens fiber cells and localize to RNP aggregate named as TDRD granules.  What role other TSRD members play in physiological functions is still unknown. 

TheTDRD7-selective antibodies were generated against unique antigenic sequence form with in the C-terminal 50 amino acids.  The sequence was conserved in rat, mouse TDRD7 but was unique only to TDRD7 and was not present in other Tudor proteins.  The TDRD7 antibodies were affinity purified over immobilized antigen based chromatography, and the affinity purified immunoglobulins are stabilized in antibody stabilization buffer.  FabGennix Int. Inc., will also provide limited quantities of antigenic blocking peptide for TDRD7 antibodies.  FabGennix has a vast collection of antibodies to epigenetic related targets.  For a complete list of antibodies please visit www.FabGennix.com.  FabGennix Inc. will conjugate this and all its catalog antibodies with secondary enzymes (alk-Pase or HRP) or fluorescent probes upon request at a nominal cost.  FabGennix Int. Inc., will also provide western blot positive controls for it antibodies in ready-to-use buffer. 

Immunogen:            Synthetic peptides taken form with in the last 50 aa form C-terminal region of TDRD7.  The synthetic peptide was convalently  modified to achieve desired antigenicity before conjugating to a carrier protein.    

Concentration:         TDRD7-701AP:       IgG concentration 0.59-0.62 mg/ml in antibody stabilization buffer.

Applications:           Antibody TDRD7-701AP is ideal for WB and ELISA applications, other applications have not been tested.  These antibodies do not cross react to other tudor containing proteins 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9 and also to DNA binding protein.  The species cross reactivity for these antibodies have not been examined.  The dilutions for this antibody is for reference only, investigators are expected to determine the optimal conditions for specific assay.  WB: > 1:500; IMM & i.p pull-down assays: n.d; IHC n.d.  ELISA <1:10,000            

Note:                        “Not determined” does not necessarily means the antibody is not suitable for that applications. If investigators are going to use this antibody for applications not listed here, they can request a free complimentary sample.      

Reactivity:               This antibody detects a single band of approximately 132kDa TDRD7 band in PC-TDRD7 samples.  The antibody does not cross reacts with other histones or other DNA binding proteins..   

Protocols:                Standard protocol for various applications (WB; IMM and IHC) of this antibody is provided with the product specification sheet, however, FabGennix Inc., strongly recommends investigators to optimize conditions for use of this antibody in their laboratories.  

Form/Storage:         The antiserum is supplied in antibody stabilization buffer.  The affinity-purified antibodies are isolated on immobilized antigen-affinity column and supplied as stabilized product.  Store at -20^oC for long-term storage.  FabGennix Inc. does not recommend storage of very dilute antibody solutions unless they are prepared in specially formulated multi use antibody dilution buffer (Cat # DiluOBuffer).  Working solutions of antibodies in DiluOBuffer should be filtered through 0.45um filter after every use for long-term storage.

For research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.